The Morality of War

Newsletter article for November 2002

© 2002 by Rev. Paul A. Wolff

With the past year’s military action in Afghanistan, and the talk lately of a potential war in Iraq (again) I believe that it is good to take a look at the Bible’s views on war and military action. This is not necessarily an easy task. The Bible is somewhat ambivalent about war, in much the same way that it is ambivalent about such things as divorce and slavery. The Holy Scriptures clearly frown on both divorce and slavery, but they also accept them and deal with them as an ongoing reality because people are sinful. The same is true with war, except for the fact that unlike divorce and slavery, God actually told His people to go to war on occasion, although with some very strict and oftentimes bizarre rules of engagement.

Because of this ambivalence about war you can sometimes find both “hawks” and “doves” quoting the scriptures to support their position, which just confuses the issue. However, there is one passage that I find most illuminating to help understand this issue. You may find it in Joshua 5:13-6:7. There are few books of the Bible which contain more battles than Joshua, and here in the account of the fall of Jericho you will not find a more bizarre battle tactic, but God does most of the actual killing (which is proper).

In this passage Joshua is preparing for battle when he meets a man with a drawn sword who claims to be the “Commander of the army of the Lord,” From what follows this is apparently God Himself in human form. Joshua asks the man if he is “for us or for our enemies” and He replies “neither.” Now I find this rather puzzling and somewhat strange. The “Commander of the army of the Lord” proceeds to give instructions to Joshua for how the Israelites will go and attack Jericho in a siege which must result in the death of all the people of Jericho except for the former prostitute Rahab and her family (because she protected the Israelite spies when they were in the city.) Since God clearly wants Israel to destroy Jericho you might expect that he would be for Israel and against Jericho, but He instead says that He is for “neither.”

How can God not be against the people that he is going to kill in just a few days? We can find the answer in Scripture. Romans 3:23 says “All have sinned and fall short of the glory of God.” We are all sinners in God’s eyes. There is no one who is better than anyone else because we are all sinners. No one is saved because they are more worthy than anyone else, because no one is worthy of salvation. However we also read in Acts 10:34-35 that “God does not show favoritism but accepts men from every nation who fear him and do what is right.” In the book of Joshua God did not favor Israel because they were better than the Canaanites, instead God had promised the land to Abraham’s descendants because God had chosen Abraham as the ancestor of the Messiah (Christ) who would come to save all sinners from their sin. The Israelites were far from perfect. Many times they showed themselves to be no better than the Canaanite people they were fighting, but God was able to lead Israel to repentance, while the Canaanite people stubbornly rejected God’s calls to repentance. That is why God gave Israel the Canaanite land and destroyed the former inhabitants.

So what does all this mean for today? There are some very profound lessons here which are ignored at our peril. All war happens as a result of sin. God doesn’t want nations (or others) to go to war for the sake of conquest or cruelty. But since God has sanctioned war in Biblical times we see that there are occasions when even the Christian may get involved in war.

Romans 13 says that God gives the authorities “the sword” to enforce laws and keep the peace. From this we can say that war may be waged in defense against an unprovoked attack, and also for the sake of upholding justice and peace. This is shown most recently in the fight against Osama Bin Laden and his terrorist network in Afghanistan. They made an unprovoked attack on our nation, and we fought back to discourage terrorism and to bring peace to the world. In the process we (hopefully) laid the groundwork for a more stable, peaceful government in Afghanistan. The fight against Germany and Japan in World War II was also a just war which brought justice and punishment to those nations which sought to expand their empire by force.

Let us therefore first of all pray for peace, that there may be no need for our countrymen to fight and die in a war. Next let us citizens hold our nationally elected representatives accountable and only pursue war for the sake of justice and peace. Finally let us take advantage of the peace that is here and spread the message of the Gospel both in our country and in others so that more people may come to believe in Jesus and be saved. If we do this then God will certainly continue to bless our nation and give us the peace which we treasure so much.